5 Best Baby Car Seats 2025 | Bonabebe

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    5 Best Infant Car Seats for 2025 (video review)

    Choosing the ideal infant car seat is one of the most important decisions for expectant parents. After all, it's the first car restraint system that will protect the newborn from the day they leave the maternity ward.

    In this article, we present the Top 5 best infant car seats of 2025, based on 25 technical criteria, independent tests like ADAC, Isofix base compatibility, thermal comfort, and ease of installation. Each model is analyzed in a practical and accessible way to help families make an informed choice tailored to their needs and budget.

    Discover the best infant car seat for your baby — with clear explanations, comparative tables, and expert advice.

    Subscribe to the Newsletter at the bonabebe.pt store to purchase each of these strollers with a 10% discount.

    Watch the full video review to get a detailed analysis from our child road safety specialist, Cátia Neves ⬇️

    Quick Conclusion: Among all the models analyzed, the BeSafe Go Beyond stands out as the best infant car seat, offering a superior combination of safety, comfort, and price.

    Contents

    1. Besafe Go Beyond €399 to €429 (video review)
    2. BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size €239 to €259
    3. Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2 €259.99
    4. Avionaut Pixel Pro 2.0 €279
    5. Britax Römer Baby-Safe Pro €289.90 to €339.90

    Comparison table of the 10 best infant car seats for 2025

    scroll tabela melhores cadeiras

     

    Car Seat Name Ranking Position Average Price Approval Standard Suitable Baby Height Recommended Age Recommended Weight Harness Safety Points Harness Width Height-Adjustable Harness Symmetrical Harness Non-Reclinable EPP EPS Side Impact Protection Compatible Isofix Base Rotating Base Universal Level on Base Manufacturer (European Origin) Mesh Fabric ADAC Ease of placing baby Ease of installation V-shaped Headrest Adjustable Insert Headrest Cushions
    Besafe Go Beyond 1 €399 to €429 R129 i-Size 40–87 cm 0–15 months Up to 13 kg 5 2.5 cm 11 levels Yes No Yes No Yes Yes (€299) Yes Yes Yes (Norway) Yes 1.8 (safety 1.5) – Oct/2024 Very good Very good Yes Yes Yes
    Besafe iZi Go Modular X2 2 €239 to €259 R129 i-Size 40–75 cm 0–9 months Up to 13 kg 5 4 cm 5 levels Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes (€199) No No Yes (Norway) Yes 1.7 (safety 1.3) Very good Very good No Yes Yes
    Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2 3 €259.99 R129 i-Size 40–87 cm 0–15 months Up to 13 kg 3 2.5 cm 7 levels Yes No No Yes No Yes (€269.99) Yes Yes No (Dorel, Canada) ± 2.2 (safety 1.5) – May/2024 Good Good Yes Yes Yes
    Avionaut Pixel Pro 2.0 C 4 €279 R129 i-Size 40–86 cm 0–15 months Up to 13 kg 3 2.5 cm 3 levels No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes (€219) No No Yes (Poland) No 3.3 (safety 1.7) – May/2025 Fair Fair No Yes
    Britax Römer Baby-Safe Pro 5 €289.90 to €339.90 R129 i-Size 40–85 cm 0–15 months Up to 13 kg 3 2.5 cm 5 levels Yes No No Yes No Yes (€269.90) Yes Yes Yes (Germany/UK) ± Good Good Yes Yes Yes

    Infant Car Seat Besafe Go Beyond (Bonabebe video review)

    BeSafe Go Beyond – Detailed Technical Table

    Criterion Details
    Average Price €399 to €429
    Approval Standard R129 i-Size
    Suitable Baby Height 40–87 cm
    Recommended Age 0–15 months
    Recommended Weight Up to 13 kg
    Harness Safety Points 5 points
    Harness Width 2.5 cm
    Height-Adjustable Harness Yes (11 levels)
    Symmetrical Harness Adjustment Yes
    Reclinable Yes
    EPP Material Yes
    EPS Material No
    Side Impact Protection (SIP) Yes
    Compatible Isofix Base Yes (Beyond Base – €299)
    Rotating Base Yes
    Universal Level on Base Yes
    Manufacturer (European Origin) Yes – Norway (BeSafe – HTS)
    Breathable/Mesh Fabric Yes
    ADAC Test Result 1.8 (Safety: 1.5) – October 2024
    Ease of placing baby Very good
    Ease of installation Very good
    V-shaped Headrest Yes
    Adjustable Insert Yes
    Headrest Cushions Yes

    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat
    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat

    When it comes to a choice as important as protecting our baby's life, it's essential to consider various factors. To start, we highlight the BeSafe Go Beyond, which achieved the best safety rating in ADAC tests, with a safety score of 1.5.

    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat had the best score in ADAC tests
    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat had the best score in ADAC tests

    However, it's important to remember that tests are only a guide — useful, yes, but not absolute truth. After all, choosing an infant car seat goes beyond scores: it depends on the car, the baby, and various other factors. Therefore, it's essential to evaluate the whole package, from materials to installation and the child's daily comfort.

    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat - Tests are only a guide
    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat – Tests are only a guide

    To ensure a precise fit throughout the baby's growth, the Go Beyond infant car seat from BeSafe offers 11 levels of headrest adjustment. At the same time, it allows for symmetrical height adjustment of the 5-point harness, always ensuring maximum safety and comfort.

    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat – 11 levels of headrest

    In addition to the EPP outer shell, which makes the Go Beyond infant car seat lighter, more durable, and safer, the headrest is also covered with this material. Thanks to the brand's exclusive cutting technology, the system offers extremely effective dynamic energy absorption in case of impact.

    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat – EPP inside

    BeSafe has developed exclusive technology to eliminate slack in reclining infant carriers from other brands. While reclining infant carriers are common, most alter the harness fit when reclined. Therefore, BeSafe developed a system that always keeps the harness correctly adjusted, even when reclined or upright.

    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat – Active Lay Flat Technology

    In addition to this harness innovation, BeSafe also focused on safety in the event of an accident. If the infant carrier is reclined, the Go Beyond automatically returns to a more upright position during sudden braking or impact, ensuring that forces are absorbed by the car seat and not the baby.

    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat – Active Lay Flat Technology
    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat – Active Lay Flat Technology

    To prevent the baby from overheating in the infant carrier, mesh fabrics are available to facilitate temperature regulation. This feature is especially advantageous in countries like Portugal, where summers tend to be very hot. However, it is important to remember that mesh fabric does not completely eliminate the possibility of the baby sweating in the infant carrier.

    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat - Peak Mesh
    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat – Peak Mesh
    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat
    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat – Anthracite Mesh

    The practicality and convenience of this infant carrier don't stop there. It is also compatible with various stroller brands such as Nuna, Joolz, Cybex, MimaKids, Bugaboo, and others. Simply use the respective universal adapters.

    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat – Compatible with Strollers

    The canopy of the Go Beyond infant carrier is wide and, additionally, includes a very practical feature. Each side can be adjusted independently, allowing you to extend the side that protects the baby more, while the other side remains retracted so you can easily continue to observe them.

    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat – Canopy with custom adjustment

    Furthermore, it can be installed with the Beyond Isofix Base (sold separately) or with the car's seat belts. If you install it with the Beyond Isofix Base, you will have the advantage of being able to swivel the infant carrier towards the car door for greater convenience when placing and removing your baby.

    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat – Belt installation
    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat – Installation with Beyond Isofix Base

    Also included is the new and improved SIP (Side Impact Protection), which now uses EPP, helping to absorb 20% more forces in the event of a side impact. Furthermore, it must always be placed on the car door side to ensure maximum protection.

    BeSafe Go Beyond Car Seat – SIP

    We can undoubtedly state that the Go Beyond infant carrier is an unparalleled baby car seat. Moreover, all its safety and comfort features add significant value, clearly justifying the investment and the price difference compared to other infant carriers on the market.


    BeSafe Go Beyond Infant Carrier
    BeSafe Go Beyond Infant Carrier

    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size Baby Car Seat

    Detailed Technical Table

    Criterion Details
    Average price €239 to €259
    Approval R129 i-Size
    Suitable baby height 40–75 cm
    Recommended age 0–9 months
    Recommended weight Up to 13 kg
    Harness safety points 5 points
    Harness width 4 cm
    Height-adjustable harness Yes (5 levels)
    Symmetrically adjustable harness Yes
    Reclining No
    EPP material No
    EPS material Yes
    Side Impact Protection (SIP) Yes
    Compatible Isofix Base Yes (Izi Modular i-Size Base – €199)
    Rotating base No
    Universal level on base No
    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 mesh infant carrier in anthracite

    Secondly, the Norwegian brand BeSafe appears again, this time with the iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size model. This car seat stands out as the most suitable choice in the ranking, especially for those looking for safety at a more accessible price.

    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size at a more affordable price than the Go Beyond
    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size at a more affordable price than the Go Beyond

    But why is it considered the right choice? Because it offers the second-best safety rating among all models presented, with an impressive score of 1.3 in ADAC tests. And all this at a lower price: the infant carrier is available from €175 and the compatible Isofix base for about €190. Additionally, it is possible to use the infant carrier without the base, which further reduces the initial investment.

    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size Car Seat for €175
    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size Car Seat for €175

    The iZi Modular base is compatible with the next car seat, which can be used up to 105 cm or about 4 years old. Although this next car seat is not as tall as the Go Beyond (which goes up to 125 cm), it has longer backrests than the other options in the top 5, offering extended safe use.

    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size Car Seat can be used up to 1.05m
    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size Car Seat can be used up to 1.05m

    While ADAC ratings are an excellent reference, they are not absolute. The BeSafe Go Beyond ranks higher not only for safety but also for innovation and extended use. However, the iZi Go Modular X2 model is, without a doubt, the option that offers the best balance between quality, safety, and price.

    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size is the option that offers the best quality/price
    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size is the option that offers the best quality/price

    Despite being an excellent option, the BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 lags behind the Go Beyond for one main reason: the materials used. Although this model offers complete protection, it uses EPS (Expanded Polystyrene) instead of EPP (Expanded Polypropylene). This difference reduces the overall durability of the product, with an estimated lifespan of about 5 years, while models with EPP can last between 10 to 15 years.

    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size Car Seat has EPS cover
    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size Car Seat has EPS cover

    Furthermore, EPS has an inferior impact absorption capacity. It is effective, but it does not reach the same level of excellence in absorbing G-forces in the event of an accident. Still, for those who intend to use the infant carrier only during the baby's first year of life, this point will not necessarily be a problem.

    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size Car Seat has lower impact absorption capacity
    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size Car Seat has lower impact absorption capacity

    The BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 is suitable from 40 to 75 cm, which corresponds, on average, to the first 6 to 9 months of life. The limitation in centimeters is not a major disadvantage, as many babies, around 6 months old, already prefer to travel in a more upright position.

    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size is suitable from 40 to 75 cm
    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size is suitable from 40 to 75 cm

    Regarding the Isofix base, it is important to note that it is neither rotatable nor has universal leveling. Therefore, there may be variations in the infant carrier's recline depending on the car model. It is possible that when testing the infant carrier in the store, it may appear more reclined than in the car – a common situation with bases without a leveling system.

    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size base is neither rotating nor has universal leveling
    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size base is neither rotating nor has universal leveling

    On the other hand, it still complies with R129 i-Size approval and offers a 5-point harness, with 5-level height adjustment and a width of 4 cm, ensuring safety and comfort.

    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size continues with an R129 approval
    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size continues with an R129 approval

    Finally, BeSafe stands out for its commitment to safety. In the event of an accident, the brand commits to replacing the car seat, provided that the defined requirements are met. This type of consumer support represents a significant advantage, especially because second-hand car seats can pose a real risk to the baby's safety. That said, if you are looking for the best balance between price, safety and future compatibility, the BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 is the most suitable choice.

    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size in case of accident the brand gives a new car seat
    BeSafe iZi Go Modular X2 i-Size in case of accident the brand gives a new car seat

    Infant Car Seat Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2

    Detailed Technical Table

    Criterion Details
    Average price €259.99
    Approval R129 i-Size
    Suitable baby height 40–87 cm
    Recommended age 0–15 months
    Recommended weight Up to 13 kg
    Harness safety points 3 points
    Harness width 2.5 cm
    Height-adjustable harness Yes (7 levels)
    Harness with symmetrical adjustment Yes
    Reclining Yes (with tilting base)
    EPP material No
    EPS material Yes
    Side Impact Protection (SIP) No
    Compatible Isofix base Yes (FamilyFix 360 Pro – €249.99)
    Swivel base Yes
    Universal level on base No
    Manufacturer (European Origin) No – Dorel (Canada)
    Breathable/mesh fabric +/-
    ADAC test result 2.2 (Safety: 1.5 – May 2024)
    Ease of placing the baby Good
    Ease of installation Good
    V-shaped headrest No
    Adjustable insert Yes
    Pillows attached to headrest Yes
    Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2
    Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2

    Thirdly, the Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2, an innovative infant car seat that stands out for its ability to slide out of the base, making it easier to place the baby. Maxi-Cosi is a brand that invests heavily in safety, but also in usability and practicality for parents.

    Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2 Car Seat can slide out of the base
    Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2 Car Seat can slide out of the base

    In ADAC tests, the Pebble 360 Pro2 achieved an overall score of 2.2, with 1.5 in safety. It is, therefore, a very reliable option. Furthermore, the brand continuously works to minimise installation errors, and stands out for its accessible and detailed instruction manuals, which help parents ensure correct installation.

    Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2 Car Seat scored 1.5 in ADAC safety
    Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2 Car Seat scored 1.5 in ADAC safety

    However, compared to the BeSafe Go Beyond, it loses out on two important points: it does not have a 5-point harness and the harness width is smaller. Still, the car seat is fully lined with EPS, features G-CELL technology for dynamic impact absorption, and offers seven levels of headrest adjustment, ensuring the harness is always at the correct shoulder level for the baby — an essential safety factor.

    Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2 Car Seat has EPS throughout the car seat
    Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2 Car Seat has EPS throughout the car seat

    Like BeSafe, Maxi-Cosi also replaces the car seat in the event of an accident, provided that the requirements indicated by the brand are met.

    Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2 Car Seat - In case of accident, the brand also replaces the car seat
    Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2 Car Seat – In case of accident, the brand also replaces the car seat

    Finally, although the combined price of the Pebble 360 Pro2 with the base is more competitive than the BeSafe Go Beyond, this model does not rank at the top because the recline system is tilting — which implies slight variations in harness adjustment depending on the recline.

    Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2 Car Seat - The recline tilts
    Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2 Car Seat – The recline tilts

    Furthermore, it is precisely this tilting recline that requires extra care from parents. For example, if the baby is placed in the infant carrier in a more reclined position, and then the recline is changed to a more upright position in the car, the harness may become too loose. This happens because, when reclining, the baby's body slightly changes position, and the harness is no longer properly adjusted.

    Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2 - The tilting recline requires extra care from parents
    Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2 – The tilting recline requires extra care from parents

    Although it's not a defect, it's a technical detail that must be manually corrected before each trip. Otherwise, a loose harness can compromise the baby's safety, especially in case of sudden braking or an accident. In other words, the system works well, as long as parents pay extra attention to re-tightening the harness every time the recline is adjusted.

    Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2 - The harness must be corrected before each trip
    Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2 – The harness must be corrected before each trip

    For this reason, it is recommended, whenever possible, to use the car seat in the most upright position, where the harness tension remains more stable and the infant carrier's structure acts as a more effective protective shield. This guidance particularly applies to long journeys or when the car does not offer a good base angle.

    It is always safer to travel with the car seat upright
    It is always safer to travel with the car seat upright

    Finally, it is important to emphasize that the Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2 is compatible with the next car seat in the same line — the Pearl 360 Pro, suitable up to 105 cm or about 4 years old. This allows parents to keep the same base, making this investment more efficient in the long term.

    Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2 is compatible with the next car seat in the same line
    Maxi-Cosi Pebble 360 Pro2 is compatible with the next car seat in the same line

    Infant Car Seat Avionaut Pixel Pro 2.0

    Detailed Technical Table

    Criterion Details
    Average price €279
    Approval R129 i-Size
    Suitable baby height 40–86 cm
    Recommended age 0–15 months
    Recommended weight Up to 13 kg
    Harness safety points 3 points
    Harness width 2.5 cm
    Height-adjustable harness No (3 positions via insert adjustment)
    Harness with symmetrical adjustment No
    Reclining No
    EPP material Yes
    EPS material Yes
    Side Impact Protection (SIP) Yes
    Compatible Isofix base Yes (Avionaut IQ 2.0 C)
    Swivel base No
    Universal level on base No
    Manufacturer (European Origin) Yes – Poland
    Breathable/mesh fabric No
    ADAC test result 3.3 (Safety: 1.7 – May 2025)
    Ease of placing the baby Fair
    Ease of installation Fair
    V-shaped headrest No
    Adjustable insert Yes (in layers, by baby's size)
    Pillows attached to headrest No
    Avionaut Pixel Pro 2.0
    Avionaut Pixel Pro 2.0

    Fourth, we have the Polish brand Avionaut, with the Pixel Pro 2.0 model. This car seat includes a swivel base compatible with the next car seat in the line, equipped with an indicator system that confirms if it is correctly installed — a detail that significantly reduces the risk of error. As with the other top 4 options, this base only swivels to the side and locks in the rear-facing position when the infant carrier is installed, which increases safety.

    Avionaut Pixel Pro 2.0 has a system that indicates if it is correctly installed
    Avionaut Pixel Pro 2.0 has a system that indicates if it is correctly installed

    Additionally, as with the other top 4 options, this base only swivels to the side and locks in the rear-facing position when the infant car seat is installed, which enhances safety.

    Avionaut Pixel Pro 2.0 Car Seat has a base that locks in the rear-facing position
    Avionaut Pixel Pro 2.0 Car Seat has a base that locks in the rear-facing position

    In ADAC tests, it scored an excellent 1.7 in safety and an overall rating of 3.3, mainly influenced by the complexity of adjusting the inserts. In fact, the harness has a single adjustment point, being adjusted indirectly through the reducing cushion — a less practical but functional system.

    Cadeira Auto Avionaut Pixel Pro 2.0 teve 1,7 de 3,3 na ADAC
    The Avionaut Pixel Pro 2.0 Car Seat scored 1.7 out of 3.3 in the ADAC test

    On the other hand, this car seat stands out for its extensive use of EPP throughout its structure, ensuring effective absorption of G-forces in the event of an impact.

    A Cadeira Auto Avionaut Pixel Pro 2.0 é toda em EPP
    The Avionaut Pixel Pro 2.0 Car Seat is made entirely of EPP

    It accommodates heights from 40 to 86 cm and offers a total of up to five height adjustment levels, although the system is not the most intuitive.

    Avionaut Pixel Pro 2.0 Cobre uma altura dos 40 aos 86 cm
    The Avionaut Pixel Pro 2.0 covers heights from 40 to 86 cm

    Despite not offering a free replacement in case of an accident, it remains a solid choice from a European brand, providing a high standard of safety for your baby.

    Avionaut Pixel Pro 2.0 - Em caso de acidente não há substituição da cadeira
    Avionaut Pixel Pro 2.0 – No car seat replacement in case of accident

    However, a very positive point is that the brand offers a 10-year warranty, reinforcing its commitment to product durability and quality.

    Cadeira Auto Avionaut Pixel Pro 2.0
    Avionaut Pixel Pro 2.0 Car Seat

    Britax Römer Baby-Safe Pro Infant Car Seat

    Criterion Details
    Average price €289.90 to €339.90
    Approval R129 i-Size
    Suitable baby height 40–85 cm
    Recommended age 0–15 months
    Recommended weight Up to 13 kg
    Harness safety points 5 points
    Harness width 2.5 cm
    Height-adjustable harness Yes (5 levels)
    Symmetrically adjustable harness Yes
    Reclinable Yes (with tilting base)
    EPP material No
    EPS material Yes
    Side Impact Protection (SIP) No
    Compatible Isofix base Yes (Flex Base Pro – €319)
    Rotational base Yes
    Universal level on base No
    Manufacturer (European Origin) Yes – Germany
    Breathable/mesh fabric +/–
    ADAC test result 3.3 (Safety: 1.6 – May 2025)
    Ease of placing baby Good
    Ease of installation Good
    V-shaped headrest No
    Adjustable reducer Yes
    Pillows attached to headrest Yes
    Cadeira Auto Britax Römer Baby-Safe Pro
    Britax Römer Baby-Safe Pro Car Seat

    In fifth place, we have the Britax Römer Baby-Safe Pro, equipped with a swivel base and compatible with the next car seat. With R129 i-Size approval, it is suitable for babies from 40 to 85 cm.

    Cadeira Auto Britax Römer Baby-Safe Pro tem uma base giratória
    The Britax Römer Baby-Safe Pro Car Seat has a swivel base

    Regarding materials, it stands out for the presence of EPP in the upper part, which contributes to better energy absorption. However, this protection does not extend to the entire structure, which justifies its position in this ranking.

    A Cadeira Auto Britax Römer Baby-Safe Pro tem EPP na parte de cima da cadeira
    The Britax Römer Baby-Safe Pro Car Seat has EPP in the upper part of the seat

    On the other hand, it offers slightly more breathable fabrics in the reducer area, depending on the version, which is an advantage compared to some of the previous options — although it does not reach the level of a mesh fabric.

    A Cadeira Auto Britax Römer Baby-Safe Pro oferece tecidos ligeiramente mais respiráveis
    The Britax Römer Baby-Safe Pro Car Seat offers slightly more breathable fabrics

    Like other models on this list, it allows travel in a more reclined position through the tilting recline system. However, this feature can lead to slack in the harness if the recline is changed without readjusting it, which requires greater attention from parents.

    A Cadeira Auto Britax Römer Baby-Safe Pro permite viajar em posição mais deitada
    The Britax Römer Baby-Safe Pro Car Seat allows travel in a more reclined position

    Furthermore, the brand does not offer car seat replacement in case of an accident.

    Cadeira Auto Britax Römer Baby-Safe Pro - Em caso de acidente a marca não substitui a cadeira
    Britax Römer Baby-Safe Pro Car Seat – The brand does not replace the car seat in case of accident

    Still, it is a safe and reliable choice, produced by one of the most globally recognized brands in the child car safety sector.

    Cadeira Auto Britax Römer Baby-Safe Pro
    Britax Römer Baby-Safe Pro Car Seat

    Second-hand infant car seats: No!

    viajar contra a marcha

    There are many items that can be purchased second-hand, but an infant car seat is definitely not one of them. Just as we wouldn't use a used needle to vaccinate our baby, the same applies to the infant car seat.

    • Every infant car seat is made for only one accident (whether the baby is inside or not), so if there has been an accident, the car seat should no longer be used. Some brands provide a new car seat in case of an accident (under certain conditions depending on the brand);
    • There is no reliable way to assess the safety of a used infant car seat. The only way is a crash test, and that renders it unusable. So forget about places that tell you they can repair and make them as good as new.
    • Most infant car seats in Portugal have compromised outer plastic (meaning safety is compromised) due to the time they spend exposed to direct sunlight.
    • Each infant car seat has an approximate lifespan of 5 years

    If the choice is between a new, moderately safe infant car seat and the best second-hand infant car seat: choose the moderately safe one!

    What defines a good infant car seat

    Evaluation criteria for the top 10 best infant car seats

    The criteria that define whether an infant car seat is good or not are very similar to those that define whether a rear-facing car seat is good or not. Namely:

    1. Harness safety points for infant car seats
    2. Infant car seat harness width
    3. Height-adjustable infant car seat harness
    4. Symmetrically adjustable harness
    5. Non-reclinable infant car seat
    6. Infant car seat approval: R129 vs R4404
    7. Energy absorption material: EPS and/or side impact protection
    8. Possibility of using an Isofix base or not
    9. Brands of European origin
    10. Brands with over 30 years of market presence
    11. Breathability of infant car seat fabric: mesh fabric
    12. Consumer test results
    13. Maximum back length
    14. Price
    15. Ease of placing baby in the infant car seat
    16. Ease of installing the infant car seat
    17. Pillows attached to the headrest
    18. ISOfix base feedback system
    19. Suitable baby height
    20. Maximum baby weight
    21. Suitable baby age
    22. Isofix base with rotation capability
    23. V-shaped headrest
    24. Adjustable reducer

    1. Infant Car Seat Harness Safety Points

    Example of an infant car seat with a 5-point harness
    Example of a car seat with a 3-point harness

    Infant car seats with a 5-point harness achieve better safety ratings, as they allow for greater dispersion of G-forces on the baby's body in the event of an accident. To illustrate this concept simply, I usually use the following example in our workshops: imagine you need to carry a backpack with 20 kg inside and you can choose between these options:

    Which would you choose? If you're like me, you would undoubtedly choose backpack A to avoid back pain. The 5-point harness of the infant car seat will promote this but x1000: the forces of the accident are dispersed over a larger area of the baby's body and will even distribute to the harder areas (hips) instead of overloading the soft areas of the body (abdomen). Car seats after infant car seats almost all come with a 5-point harness precisely for this reason.

    2. Infant Car Seat Harness Width

    arnez-largura
    Infant car seat harness width: 4cm

    Returning to the previous example of the 20 kg backpack, which backpack would you choose? A or B?

    Backpack with wide straps. Source: Best deal
    Backpack with thin straps. Source: Parfois

    I imagine you chose backpack A to avoid painful marks on your shoulders. So you understand why a 4 cm harness is safer for the baby than a 2 cm wide harness: the 2 cm harness will concentrate G-forces in a smaller area, potentially causing more injuries. Similarly, car seats after infant car seats almost always have a wider, 4 cm harness.

    3. Height-adjustable Infant Car Seat Harness

    Infant car seat harness height adjuster

    This feature is essential for both the safety and durability of the infant car seat. To ensure proper use, the harness should always be at the baby's shoulder level (see figure below). A harness that is not height-adjustable is like a stopped clock: it's only right twice a day. In other words, the infant car seat will only be correctly adjusted when the baby is born and uses the reducer, and again when they no longer need it – leaving the adjustment incorrect for the entire period in between.

    Infant car seat harness
    Correct infant car seat harness position: at the baby's shoulder level

    I often receive photos of babies whose infant car seat harness is too low, causing the straps to slip off their shoulders and the baby to only be restrained at the hips. The consequences in the event of an accident are disastrous, as the baby comes out of the car seat instead of being protected within it.

    4. Symmetrically adjustable harness

    Example of an infant car seat harness that adjusts symmetrically

    Some infant car seats have an independent harness adjustment system for each side – meaning, the left strap is adjusted first, then the right. The big risk here lies in human error: it's easy to leave the straps at different heights, creating an asymmetrical adjustment. In the event of an accident, this difference can cause serious injuries, as there may be greater pressure on one side or, worse, the baby may not be properly restrained and could come out of the infant car seat. In short, when the harness is not symmetrically adjusted, the safety of the car seat is seriously compromised.

    Infant car seat without symmetrical harness adjustment

    5. Non-reclining infant car seats

    Some infant car seats on the market offer the possibility of reclining the baby, but this feature can be less safe than fixed models, primarily due to the risk of misuse. It's important to remember that an infant car seat is specifically designed for use in a car – and not for long walks while attached to a stroller.

    Reclining infant car seat. Source: Cybex

    Taking the baby for a walk in the infant car seat can compromise not only their health but also their safety. When exposed to UV rays, the exterior part of the infant car seat – usually plastic – begins to degrade, just like clothes pegs left in the sun. This wear and tear accelerates the aging of the car seat and can seriously compromise its effectiveness in the event of an accident. Instead of absorbing impact, the materials can break, which is extremely dangerous. Additionally, in terms of ergonomics, infant car seats that allow a lying position tend to receive negative ratings, which justifies their exclusion from our top 10.

    The reasons for this lower rating are as follows:

    Reclining infant car seat in a stroller. Source: Cybex
    • A reclining infant car seat gives a false sense of security for prolonged use outside the car context and a strong incentive for its use in strollers. Babies lying for long periods in an infant car seat:
      • can develop problems with plagiocephaly (see study);
      • have a higher risk of oxygen desaturation, and the fact that the infant car seat reclines does not help reduce the risk (see study);
      • run the risk of overheating – as they continue to lie on an EPS surface (you can observe this whenever you take your baby out of the infant car seat: you will see that they are completely drenched – especially in spring and summer);

      • the use of infant car seats outside the car context is clinically discouraged (see study);
      • manufacturers advise against using the infant car seat for periods longer than 1h30.

    No integrated wheels:

    Exactly for the same reasons I gave for non-reclining infant car seats: it encourages prolonged use of the infant car seat, compromises the durability and integrity of the materials, and is detrimental to the baby's health.

    6. Homologation

    Infant car seats are approved under two distinct homologations: R129 (more current and safer) and R4404. Those with R129 homologation receive a higher score.

      • R129:
        • Uses Q-dummies (higher biofidelity – the degree to which it can represent the biological system it is based on – than P-dummies) for evaluating crash test criteria;
    Q family of crash test dummies
        • Injury criteria assessed: chest, head, and abdominal acceleration
        • Dummy Q0: still no abdominal sensors;
        • Approval based on the baby or child's height;
        • Crash tests performed: rear impact, front impact, and side impact
    Side impact test. Source EURONCAP
        • No car seat groups;
        • Maximum weight and maximum height of the infant car seat: at the discretion of the manufacturer and dependent on the dummy used for approval;
        • Gradually introduced since 2013;
        • Commonly known as i-Size (although this name is not 100% technically correct);
      • R4404
        • Came into force in 1980 and was discontinued at the end of 2023
        • Car seats are divided into groups: 0; 0+; 1, 2, 3
        • Crash tests performed: rear impact and front impact
        • Injury criteria assessed: chest and head acceleration
        • Uses P-dummies for assessing safety criteria)
    P family of crash test dummies. The baby is just a mass with no sensors
        • Dummy P0: has no sensors and is just a weighted mass in the shape of a baby.
        • Approval based on the baby or child's weight;
        • Maximum weight of the infant car seat: 13kg

    7. Energy absorption material: EPS and/or side impact protection

    car seat materials
    EPS – Expanded Polystyrene is a high-quality energy absorption foam

    In my Child Road Safety workshops, I often joke with parents about their tendency to feel infant car seats to determine if they are good. This behavior is completely normal and reveals that, often, our focus is more on comfort – after all, we do the same when choosing a sofa or a chair – than on safety. However, a good infant car seat should be 100% covered with EPS (and not just have a thin layer on the head) and be rigid enough to ensure adequate protection.

    besafe izi go car seat
    Example of side impact protection material in an infant car seat

    In addition to EPS, we can also look for dynamic energy absorption materials. This type of material is especially important for protecting the baby in case of a side impact, as it ensures softness in the contact area (the inner part folds) and becomes more rigid on the outer part.

    baby car seat safety materials
    Dynamic energy absorption material: more efficient and more durable

    8. Possibility of the infant car seat using an ISOfix base

    The Isofix system is the most efficient method to avoid common installation errors. Thus, infant car seats that can have a compatible Isofix base will be rewarded.

    9. Brands of European origin

    In my evaluation, I prioritize brands of European origin. My experience in this market has taught me that the values of European brands are more aligned with ours, such as the value of individual human life, how workers are treated and their working conditions, the ecological footprint, etc. Thus, I present to you the brands of European origin:

    Origin of other brands operating in our market:

    10. Brands with over 30 years of market presence

    I bet you don't want your baby to be a guinea pig for that brand's infant car seat, right? That's why it's very important for the brand to have been in the market for a long time, to invest heavily in research and development, to know what happens with their car seats in real-life accident scenarios, and to have had time to incorporate improvements.
    Over my 20 years in this market, I've seen many child car seats appear on the market with a name and a brand, have disastrous safety results, not meet minimum safety requirements (despite being approved), and be withdrawn... only to reappear later with another name and brand.

    • BeSafe (1963);
    • Britax-Roemer (1938);
    • Chicco (1958);
    • Maxi-Cosi (1984);
    • Jane (1932);
    • Klippan (1959 Finnish)

    Brands with fewer years of presence in our market:

    • Nunababy(2007 Netherlands);
    • Cybex(2005);
    • Avionaut (2009 Poland);
    • Axkid (2009 Sweden);
    • Joie(2009);
    • Swandoo (2014 Austria)

    11. Breathability of the infant car seat fabric: mesh fabric

    baby car seat with 3d fabric
    3D mesh fabric

    The 3D mesh fabric provides much greater air circulation, as well as absorbing heat and moisture. This is especially important in a country like ours where it gets very hot, to increase the baby's comfort during travel and promote preventive driving by caregivers (who can concentrate on the road with a screaming, frothing baby in the car?).

    12. Consumer test results for infant car seats

    infant car seat in crash test

    • What are they?

    These are tests conducted by independent consumer organizations, typically twice a year. Furthermore, infant car seats are purchased directly from specialized stores, ensuring that the manufacturer does not control which car seat will be tested, the result, or its disclosure. Therefore, it is common not to find an evaluation for a specific car seat, as it is up to the organization to decide which models are relevant to the market in question.

      • Stiftung Warentest: German consumer test organization that cooperates with ADAC
      • ADAC (Allgemeiner Deutscher Automobilclub), in layman's terms, is like our ACP, i.e., an automobile club that sells a range of services, insurance, and sometimes products.
      • ÖAMTC (Österreichischer Automobil, Motorrad & Touring Club) – is like our ACP
      • TCS (Touring Club Schweiz)- ditto
      • DECO: Consumer association that publishes results based on tests performed by ADAC and whose funding source is consumer subscriptions
    Example of an ADAC test result
    • Criteria Used:

      • 50% Safety: various tests are performed with different impacts, angles, and different sizes of crash test dummies in a Volkswagen Polo structure.
      • 40% Handling: here, engineers and ordinary people are used to install the car seat in the car according to the instruction manual, and the following are evaluated: risk of incorrect installation; risk of misuse; ease of securing the child with the harness; installation and uninstallation; size adjustments; user manual; cleaning and maintenance.
      • 10% Ergonomics: sitting position, comfort, space for the child, space the seat occupies in the car.
      • Chemicals: do not impact the score if the result is less than 3.5. The chemicals tested are:

    13. Maximum back length

    This feature, in an infant car seat, is not the most important, as several conditions can lead to the baby outgrowing the infant car seat earlier. For example, some babies don't like to travel lying down after 4 to 6 months, others develop a lot of curiosity and need to see outside, and there are also travel dynamics that require more attention from the caregiver. Therefore, this feature does not directly influence the score, but serves as additional information if your tie-breaker criterion is the size of the infant car seat.

    14. Price

    The higher the price of the infant car seat, the lower its score will be, and it will only be compensated by additional safety features incorporated into it.

    15. Ease of placing the baby in the infant car seat

    It is necessary for placing the baby in the infant car seat to be simple, also to reduce the number of installation errors (to see how to place the baby in the infant car seat, check out my other article where I show you step-by-step what to consider).

    Here, I considered the existence of magnets to move/hold the harness (and avoid the hassle of looking for the harness when placing the baby), the ease of tightening/releasing the harness (the buckle where everything fits), visibility of the harness release button (button that allows loosening the straps).

    16. Ease of installing the infant car seat in the car

    In my child road safety workshop, I always emphasize that it's useless to have the best infant car seat on the market if it is then incorrectly installed. The consequences of an infant car seat (in fact, any car seat) being poorly installed are disastrous, and the reality is that about 70% of car seats are incorrectly installed.
    Even if they can use an ISOFIX system, many infant car seats will be installed in the car with a seat belt system, especially when one of the caregivers is more anxious and travels alone (see article or review below on the precautions to take when traveling alone and which is the safest place).

    Thus, here I will evaluate whether it is intuitive how to leave the safety handle, how to pass the belts, and if the illustrations on the sides are easy to interpret.

    infant car seat
    Correct installation instructions

    17. Cushions attached to the headrest

    Since parents often lose infant car seat accessories, harness protection cushions are among the most frequently ordered items – both at Bonabebe and international stores. Therefore, when these cushions are attached to the infant car seat, it is a huge advantage. In case of an accident, using the harness without protection can cause cuts to the baby.

    18. ISOFIX base feedback system for infant car seats

    rear-facing car seat with ISOFIX
    ISOFIX base clips

    The more feedback the ISOFIX system gives us about the installation, the easier it is to install correctly. Currently, there are ISOFIX systems with visual and audible feedback at each stage and others with only audible feedback in some parts. This will not be a preponderant item in my evaluation, as many infant car seats tend to be secured with belts, especially in the baby's first 6 months of life.

    19. Appropriate height of infant car seats

    Here, I checked if the height indicated on the approval sticker is compatible with the actual back length of the infant car seat. Although this criterion does not weigh heavily on the final score, it helps align expectations. After all, some manufacturers indicate maximum heights that do not correspond to the usable space of the seat.

    20. Maximum baby weight

    Maximum weight supported by the infant car seat

    The maximum weight for infant car seats is not very relevant, as in 20 years of experience, I have never seen a baby reach this limit—they usually reach the height limit much earlier. Therefore, this information does not significantly influence the evaluation, but serves as informative data.

    21. Appropriate age for using infant car seats

    I know that infant car seats are often recommended as the safest option, and the ideal is to prolong their use for as long as possible. However, I only agree with this statement if journeys are calm and there are no uncomfortable or agitated babies in the infant car seat. Furthermore, the truth is that we never know exactly what kind of baby we will have. Therefore, I don't think it's relevant to invest excessively in an infant car seat at this initial stage, in order to keep options more flexible for the next seat. In summary, it is essential to have a safe infant car seat, but not necessarily one that lasts too long.

    22. ISOFIX base for infant car seats with rotation capability

    Infant car seat with swivel ISOFIX base. Source: Maxi Cosi
    Infant car seat with swivel ISOFIX base. Source: Maxi Cosi

    In the infant car seat phase, I don't find this feature very relevant. Because, whether the base rotates or not, we will always tend to rotate the infant car seat on the base when placing the baby in the car.

    23. V-shaped headrest

    At this point, the evaluation's concern was the infant car seat's ability to contain the baby's head without too much movement.

    24. Adjustable infant car seat insert

    Similar to what we observe for the adjustable harness, an adjustable insert will also allow the correct placement of the baby in the infant car seat. It ends up influencing the angle at which the baby travels as well as the harness position.